“Vuoi sapere chi ha scattato quella foto? Dai, scrivi che l’abbiamo scattata tutti e tre. Copyright: Borman, Lovell, Anders. Anzi, scrivi prima Anders … strizzando l’occhio”. E ci fece capire, William Anders nel 1998, in occasione del trentennale della sua leggendaria missione su Apollo 8, chi fu il vero autore degli scatti, su quella navicella, il 24 dicembre 1968. William Anders, il pilota navigatore di quella storica Apollo 8, è deceduto ieri, 7 giugno, all’età di 90 anni. E quella foto chiamata “Earthrise” (Alba della terra, ancora oggi resta iconica, dopo 56 anni. E’ la storia e le straordinarie imprese dell’Apollo, che ancora oggi restano attuali, con una immagine spesso riproposta per far capire la bellezza e anche la fragilità del nostro pianeta: “infatti fu un regalo per l’umanità – disse Anders – Anche per far riflettere sui problemi del nostro pianeta. Che c’erano già all’epoca. Era il 1968, non dimentichiamolo …”.
La riscoperta della Terra
Ma le immagini di quella palla, che dall’oblò del modulo di comando dell’astronave sembrava una palla da tennis bianca e azzurra, e che scattate grazie agli sguardi “esterni” del comandante Borman, non furono certo l’unico obiettivo di una missione come l’Apollo 8, la prima a inviare uomini verso la Luna. Non si sbarcava ancora, era il primo volo: “Avevamo 70 probabilità su cento di farcela e ritornare a casa” – ricorda l’ex astronauta, deceduto ieri a causa della sua vecchia “passionaccia” per il volo, che questa volta lo ha tradito . Era alla guida di un Beechcraft T-34 Mentor, quando in Italia erano le 20,40 (le 11, 40 ora locale) il velivolo di Anders è precipitato in mare vicino a Roche Harbor, nello Stato di Washington. Non si sa ancora se per cause tecniche o per un improvviso malore dell’ex astronauta. Statunitense, ma nato in Cina, a Hong Kong, il 17 ottobre 1933.
Super pilota e astronauta Nasa dal 1963
William Anders fu selezionato dalla Nasa nel 1963 con il terzo gruppo di astronauti. Un team di 14 piloti provenienti da Air Force, Us Navy e collaudatori civili, che avrebbero fatto la storia dell’astronautica. Tra loro, anche Buzz Aldrin e Mike Collins, destinati al primo sbarco lunare, e le cui storie si intrecciano poi con quelle di Anders.
Era laureato in fisica nucleare, e la sua passione per il volo lo portò subito a diventare ufficiale e poi pilota della Us Air Force, pilotando diversi tipi di caccia, di giorno, di notte e in ogni condizione meteorologica. Fu uno dei primi astronauti a pilotare il LLTV, una sorta di “ragno meccanico” monoposto, che serviva per simulare gli allunaggi. Nel frattempo, viene chiamato ad affiancare gli astronauti più esperti dei primi due gruppi, e nel 1966 si addestra come pilota, al fianco del comandante Neil Armstrong, come riserva per la missione Gemini 11. Fece ancora da cap-com da Houston per l’ultima Gemini, la 12, e poi passò, come tutti gli astronauti Nasa, al Programma Apollo.
Apollo 9? No, Apollo 8
Il programma lunare, inizialmente, prevedeva una serie di missioni partendo da Apollo 1. Le prime due in orbita terrestre. Se andavano bene, l’Apollo 3 sarebbe saettato verso la Luna, o comunque una missione a grande distanza dalla Terra, con a bordo Anders, per il suo debutto spaziale, e i veterani Frank Borman e Mike Collins. Ma l’incendio sulla rampa che nel gennaio 1967 uccise i tre dell’Apollo 1 durante il test di conteggio alla rovescia, fa riprogrammare il tutto. E così, dal 1968 la prima in orbita terrestre sarà Apollo 7, poi Apollo 8 dovrà collaudare il modulo lunare attorno alla Terra, e Apollo 9 con Anders e i suoi colleghi farà un volo in orbita lunare. Ma i sovietici preoccupano. Due giganteschi razzi, chiaramente destinati a viaggi lunari, vengono fotografati alla base di Bajkonur dai satelliti spia. E una capsula russa Zond, del tutto simile a una Sojuz e con a bordo animali, viaggia verso la Luna e vi fa ritorno. Così, con un’operazione rischiosa, i responsabili Nasa decidono di anticipare il profilo di missione per Apollo 9 ad Apollo 8 . E il 21 dicembre 1968, il gigantesco razzo Saturn V viene lanciato per la prima volta con uomini a bordo. Ed è solo il terzo lancio del gigante realizzato dall’equipe di Werner von Braun. A bordo, Borman e Anders sono in compagnia di James Lovell, che nel frattempo sostituì Mike Collins, reduce da una brutta caduta e lesione della spina dorsale. Una missione leggendaria e piena di magia, con l’astronave che entra in orbita lunare nella notte di Natale del 1968, e con Borman che legge alcuni passi della Bibbia e della Genesi.
Apollo 11 e il dopo Luna
La missione fu un successo strepitoso, con ammaraggio spettacolare avvenuto di notte, alle primissime luci dell’alba. L’America poteva festeggiare questo grande primato, dopo essere stata battuta per undici anni dai successi sovietici. Ma non c’era tempo per le feste. E già dopo due settimane, Anders verrà nominato nell’equipaggio di riserva dell’altra missione destinata a fare la storia: l’Apollo 11, quella del primo sbarco. Lui però è riserva del suo amico Collins, destinato non a sbarcare ma ad orbitare attorno alla Luna. Come riserva dell’Apollo 11 sarebbe stato destinato a ritornare verso la Luna con Apollo 13, ma sempre in orbita lunare. Fu la drammatica missione comandata dal suo compagno di missione su Apollo 8, Jim Lovell. Poi conclusasi con il recupero degli astronauti. E infatti in Apollo 13 si preferì poi inserire uno dei più giovani astronauti ancora senza esperienze di missioni precedenti, Ken Mattingly. E così sempre nel 1969, Anders, che non vide all’orizzonte un qualcosa di più grande rispetto a ciò che aveva già realizzato, lasciò la Nasa
Voluto da Nixon
E fu subito nominato dal presidente Richard Nixon a far parte di un collegio di consulenza incaricato di sviluppare moduli per la ricerca, lo sviluppo, la programmazione e l’esecuzione di sistemi aerei e per il volo nello spazio. Nel 1973 Anders venne nominato a far parte della Commissione per l’energia atomica, composta da cinque membri; gli venne assegnato l’incarico di responsabile per l’energia nucleare e non nucleare.
Passò all’industria in seguito, diventando direttore del reparto di prodotti nucleare della General Electric Company in San Jose, California. All’inizio dell’anno 1980 passò nuovamente al campo dell’aviazione, e poi per altre aziende importanti, sempre in campo aerospaziale.
I 24 “lunauti”
Dei 24 astronauti che hanno compiuto il viaggio Terra-Luna solo 6 sono rimasti in vita: Jim Lovell, che a 96 anni ancora resiste e così il suo compagno a bordo di Apollo 13, Fred Haise (91 anni), e poi Buzz Aldrin (Apollo 11), David Scott (Apollo 15), Charles Duke (Apollo 16) e Harrison Schmitt (Apollo 17). Proprio l’equipaggio Apollo che più di tutti andò vicino alla morte (il 13) a tutt’oggi è l’unico che può ancora vantare in vita due astronauti su tre, Lovell e Haise (Swigert morì giovane, a 51 anni nel 1982).
Anders ha poi fondato l’Heritage Flight Museum a Washington nel 1996 con sua moglie Valerie, dedicato agli aerei storici e agli artefatti militari donati dai veterani. La coppia si era trasferita alle isole San Juan nel 1993. Il senatore dell’Arizona Mark Kelly, anche lui ex astronauta della Nasa, ha reso omaggio ad Anders dicendo che la sua foto “Earthrise” ha “per sempre cambiato la nostra prospettiva del pianeta e di noi stessi”, ispirando generazioni di astronauti ed esploratori.
Bill Anders e Valerie sono genitori di 6 figli, quattro maschi (Alan, Glen, Gregory ed Eric) e due femmine (Gayle e Diana), nati tra il 1957 e il 1972.
67 comments
I have read so many articles concerning the blogger lovers but this post is actually
a good post, keep it up.
There’s certainly a great deal to learn about this topic.
I love all of the points you’ve made.
I love it when people come together and share opinions.
Great site, keep it up!
I have read so many posts regarding the blogger lovers however this piece of writing is in fact a nice article, keep
it up.
Excellent blog post. I absolutely appreciate this site.
Thanks!
I was wondering if you ever thought of changing the layout of your
blog? Its very well written; I love what youve got to say.
But maybe you could a little more in the way of content so people could connect with it better.
Youve got an awful lot of text for only having 1 or 2
pictures. Maybe you could space it out better?
Hey just wanted to give you a quick heads up and let you know a few of the images aren’t loading properly.
I’m not sure why but I think its a linking issue. I’ve tried it in two
different web browsers and both show the same results.
I think this is one of the such a lot significant information for me.
And i am happy reading your article. But should statement on few normal things, The web site
style is great, the articles is really great : D. Just right
activity, cheers
Great blog here! Also your site loads up very fast!
What host are you using? Can I get your affiliate link to your host?
I wish my site loaded up as fast as yours lol
Hello there, just became aware of your blog through Google, and found that it’s truly informative.
I’m gonna watch out for brussels. I’ll appreciate if you continue this in future.
Numerous people will be benefited from your writing.
Cheers!
Hello colleagues, pleasant paragraph and pleasant arguments
commented here, I am actually enjoying by these.
Hi to all, how is the whole thing, I think every one is getting more from this site, and your
views are nice in support of new people.
I’m gone to convey my little brother, that he should also
pay a visit this weblog on regular basis to take updated from
hottest reports.
What’s Taking place i’m new to this, I stumbled upon this I’ve discovered It positively helpful and it has helped me out loads.
I hope to contribute & aid other customers like
its aided me. Good job.
There is certainly a lot to find out about this issue.
I love all of the points you made.
I am sure this piece of writing has touched all the internet people, its really really fastidious paragraph on building
up new weblog.
Hello, i read your blog occasionally and i own a similar one and i was just curious
if you get a lot of spam comments? If so how do you
protect against it, any plugin or anything you can advise?
I get so much lately it’s driving me mad so any help is very much appreciated.
What’s Taking place i am new to this, I stumbled upon this I’ve
found It absolutely helpful and it has aided
me out loads. I am hoping to give a contribution & assist different customers like its aided
me. Great job.
You really make it seem so easy with your presentation but I
find this matter to be really something which I think I would never understand.
It seems too complicated and extremely broad for me. I am looking forward for your next post, I’ll try to get the hang of
it!
It’s amazing to go to see this site and reading the views of all mates on the topic of this
post, while I am also eager of getting experience.
Can I simply say what a comfort to uncover an individual who genuinely understands what they’re talking about over the internet.
You actually realize how to bring a problem to light and make it important.
More people must check this out and understand
this side of the story. I was surprised you’re not more
popular given that you surely possess the gift.
What’s up it’s me, I am also visiting this web page on a regular basis, this site is genuinely good
and the viewers are in fact sharing pleasant thoughts.
If some one wants to be updated with most recent technologies therefore he
must be pay a visit this web site and be up to date every
day.
I have been exploring for a little for any high-quality articles or weblog posts on this kind of space .
Exploring in Yahoo I eventually stumbled upon this web site.
Studying this information So i’m happy to convey that
I have an incredibly good uncanny feeling I found out just what I needed.
I most surely will make sure to don?t disregard this site
and provides it a look regularly.
It’s actually a nice and useful piece of info. I’m happy that you shared
this useful information with us. Please keep us informed
like this. Thank you for sharing.
Its like you read my mind! You seem to know a lot about this,
like you wrote the book in it or something. I think that you could
do with some pics to drive the message home a bit,
but other than that, this is great blog. An excellent read.
I will definitely be back.
Do you have a spam issue on this website; I also am a blogger, and I was wanting to know your situation; we have
created some nice methods and we are looking to trade solutions with other folks, be sure to shoot
me an e-mail if interested.
Your method of explaining everything in this piece of writing is really pleasant, every one be able to simply be aware of it, Thanks a lot.
Hurrah! Finally I got a website from where I know
how to in fact obtain useful information concerning my study and knowledge.
Hi, this weekend is fastidious in support of me, for the
reason that this moment i am reading this great
informative post here at my house.
Hi there, You have done a fantastic job. I’ll certainly digg it and personally suggest to my friends.
I am confident they will be benefited from this website.
Hi there, I desire to subscribe for this webpage to
take newest updates, thus where can i do it please help.
I am not sure where you’re getting your info, but great topic.
I needs to spend some time learning more or understanding more.
Thanks for excellent information I was looking for this information for my mission.
Hey there! Do you know if they make any plugins to help with Search Engine Optimization? I’m trying to get my blog to rank for some
targeted keywords but I’m not seeing very good results. If you know of any please share.
Thank you!
No matter if some one searches for his vital thing,
therefore he/she needs to be available that in detail, therefore that thing is maintained over
here.
naturally like your web site but you have to test the spelling
on quite a few of your posts. Many of them are rife with spelling issues and I find it very bothersome to inform the truth nevertheless I
will certainly come back again.
Neat blog! Is your theme custom made or did you download it from somewhere?
A theme like yours with a few simple tweeks would really make my blog stand
out. Please let me know where you got your theme.
Many thanks
Hello I am so thrilled I found your blog page, I really found you
by error, while I was searching on Google for something else, Anyhow
I am here now and would just like to say thank you for a incredible post and a all round enjoyable blog (I also love the theme/design), I don’t have time to look over it
all at the moment but I have book-marked it and also added
your RSS feeds, so when I have time I will be back to
read a lot more, Please do keep up the awesome job.
This excellent website truly has all the information and facts I wanted concerning this subject and didn’t know who to ask.
Hello, for all time i used to check webpage posts here early in the daylight, because i
love to find out more and more.
I could not resist commenting. Well written!
I every time used to study post in news papers but now as I am a user of
net thus from now I am using net for content,
thanks to web.
I got this site from my friend who shared with me concerning this website and at the
moment this time I am visiting this site and reading very informative articles or
reviews here.
I couldn’t refrain from commenting. Exceptionally well written!
Hello there! Do you know if they make any plugins to
safeguard against hackers? I’m kinda paranoid about losing everything I’ve worked hard on. Any recommendations?
Thanks for every other informative web site. Where else could I
get that kind of information written in such a perfect method?
I’ve a undertaking that I’m simply now working on, and I’ve been on the look
out for such information.
Hi, I do think this is a great blog. I stumbledupon it 😉 I
may return once again since I book-marked it. Money and freedom is the best way to change,
may you be rich and continue to guide other people.
I’m not that much of a internet reader to be honest but
your blogs really nice, keep it up! I’ll go ahead and bookmark your
site to come back later on. Cheers
That is a very good tip especially to those new
to the blogosphere. Brief but very accurate information…
Thank you for sharing this one. A must read post!
Great post however I was wanting to know if you
could write a litte more on this topic? I’d be very thankful if you could
elaborate a little bit further. Many thanks!
It’s going to be end of mine day, except before finish I am reading this fantastic post to
improve my knowledge.
Hi! I could have sworn I’ve been to this site before but after browsing through a few of the articles
I realized it’s new to me. Anyways, I’m definitely happy
I stumbled upon it and I’ll be book-marking it and checking back
frequently!
This is really interesting, You’re a very skilled blogger.
I’ve joined your rss feed and look forward to seeking more of your magnificent post.
Also, I’ve shared your website in my social networks!
When someone writes an post he/she keeps the thought of a user in his/her mind that
how a user can know it. Therefore that’s why this article is amazing.
Thanks!
I’m really enjoying the theme/design of your blog.
Do you ever run into any internet browser compatibility
problems? A number of my blog visitors have complained
about my site not working correctly in Explorer but looks great in Chrome.
Do you have any advice to help fix this issue?
I all the time used to read piece of writing in news papers but now as I am a user of internet therefore from now I am using net for posts, thanks to web.
Hello there, I found your blog by way of Google at the same time as searching for a comparable matter, your web site came
up, it seems good. I’ve bookmarked it in my google bookmarks.
Hi there, simply turned into aware of your weblog
thru Google, and found that it’s truly informative.
I am gonna watch out for brussels. I’ll be grateful should you
continue this in future. Many other folks can be benefited out of your writing.
Cheers!
I love your blog.. very nice colors & theme. Did
you create this website yourself or did you hire someone to
do it for you? Plz answer back as I’m looking to construct my own blog and would like to find out where u
got this from. thank you
Fabulous, what a blog it is! This webpage provides valuable information to us, keep it up.
I’m truly enjoying the design and layout of your site.
It’s a very easy on the eyes which makes it much
more pleasant for me to come here and visit more often.
Did you hire out a developer to create your theme? Fantastic work!
This post will help the internet visitors for setting up new blog or
even a blog from start to end.
Hello, just wanted to tell you, I loved this article.
It was inspiring. Keep on posting!
What’s up everyone, it’s my first go to see at this web site, and
post is actually fruitful in support of me, keep up
posting these content.
I every time used to study article in news papers but now as I am a user of
internet so from now I am using net for articles or reviews,
thanks to web.
Heya i am for the first time here. I came across this board and I to find It really useful & it helped me out a lot.
I am hoping to provide one thing again and help others such
as you aided me.
Spot on with this write-up, I honestly feel this web site
needs much more attention. I’ll probably be returning
to read through more, thanks for the advice!
Why users still use to read news papers when in this technological world all is presented on net?